Imaging features of OCTA in the macular hemorrhage of pathologic myopia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM:To observe the imaging features of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)in the macular hemorrhage of pathologic myopia.METHODS:Designing a retrospective analysis collected clinical data of 100 patients(108 eyes)diagnosed as macular hemorrhage of pathological myopic in Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Eye Hospital from June 2016 to December 2020. All patients underwent refraction, eye axis,fundus photography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT), fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA), indocyanine green angiography(ICGA)and OCTA examination. All patients were divided into macular hemorrhage only with lacquer cracks and macular hemorrhage with choroidal neovascularization(CNV). All patients followed-up for more than 3mo by OCTA. RESULTS:There were 40 patients(42 eyes)diagnosed as macular hemorrhage only with lacquer cracks, OCTA showed bleed obscured by choroidal capillaries. After hemorrhage was being absorbed, lacquer cracks showed linear or stellate reflection completely in the choroidal capillary layer. B-scan image showed discontinuous retinal pigment epithelium(RPE), thinner choroid and an increased light. Penetrance into deeper tissues. After all macular hemorrhage only with lacquer cracks were absorbed, follow-up mode of OCTA found that 2 eyes(4.8%)without lacquer cracks, 28 eyes(66.7%)were linear and 12 eyes(28.6%)were stellate under the original hemorrhage. Follow-up mode also showed that 8 eyes of 8 patients(19.0%)relapsed macular hemorrhage only with lacquer cracks, and 4 eyes of 4 patients(9.5%)suffered secondary macular hemorrhage with CNV. There were 60 patients(66 eyes)diagnosed as macular hemorrhage with CNV,OCTA showed bleed obscured choroidal capillaries, the outer retinal and choroidal capillary layer also showed the shape of CNV around hemorrhage. B-scan showed CNV breaked through the RPE layer and blood flow signal in it. The area of CNV decreased after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)intravitreal injection treatment. Around all macular hemorrhage with CNV, OCTA found that 48 eyes(72.7%)had lacquer cracks, 28 eyes(42.4%)were linear and 20 eyes(30.3%)were stellate.CONCLUSION:OCTA has a great significance in the diagnosis of macular hemorrhage of pathological myopia, fast and non-invasive is the biggest advantage. Choroidal capillary layer can clearly observe the shape and location of hemorrhage,lacquer cracks and CNV. The follow-up mode can intuitively comprehend the changes of disease. To some extent, it can replace fundus angiography to directly judge the classification, and time to treat in the clinic.

Association between PM2.5 pollution in ambient air and cardio-cerebrovascular mortality in Suzhou in 2016：a time series analysis / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To explore the effect of PM2.5 on the mortality of cardio-cerebrovascular disease in Suzhou, China. Methods The death data, air pollutant data and meteorological data from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017 in Suzhou were collected. The general additive Poisson regression model was used to analyse the association of exposure to PM2.5 with the daily deaths due to cardio-cerebrovascular disease, and to calculate the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for an interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5. Results The number of deaths from cardio-cerebrovascular disease was 30 200. On average, there were approximately 41 deaths per day. The daily median concentration of PM2.5 was 37.13 μg/m3 and IQR was 30.75 μg/m3. The RR values of single-day death and average death from cardio-cerebrovascular disease were 1.017(1.001-1.034) and 1.055(1.019-1.093)with an IQR increase of PM2.5 concentration, respectively. Stratified by gender and age, female and the elderly aged over 65 had higher risks of death from the cardio-cerebrovascular disease. Conclusion The elevated level of ambient PM2.5was positively associated with the increase of mortality of cardio-cerebrovascular disease.

Clinical effect of fluticasone propionate, montelukast sodium and ketotifen in treatment of cough variant asthma in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical effect of different combinations of fluticasone propionate (Flu), montelukast sodium (Mon) and ketotifen (Ket) in the treatment of children with cough variant asthma (CVA).@*METHODS@#A total of 280 children with CVA who were admitted to the department of respiratory medicine from June 2015 to January 2018 were randomly divided into Flu+Mon+Ket, Flu+Mon, Flu+Ket, Mon+Ket, Flu, Mon and Ket groups, with 40 children in each group. The children in each group were given corresponding drug(s), and the course of treatment was 3 months for all groups. The condition of cough, cough symptom score, pulmonary function and adverse drug reactions were evaluated after 2 and 3 months of treatment. The children were followed up to observe recurrence.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, cough symptom score tended to decrease in all 7 groups, with increases in percentage of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1%) and percentage of predicted peak expiratory flow (PEF%). After 2 months of treatment, the Flu+Mon+Ket group had a significantly lower cough symptom score and significantly higher FEV1% and PEF% than the other groups (P0.05). There was a low incidence rate of adverse events in all 7 groups, and there was no significant difference among the 7 groups (P>0.05). The Ket group had a significantly higher recurrence rate of cough than the other groups (P0.0024).@*CONCLUSIONS@#For children with CVA, a combination of Flu, Mon and Ket has a better clinical effect than a combination of two drugs and a single drug at 2 months of treatment and is safe. After 3 months of treatment, Flu or Mon alone has a similar effect to drug combination. Ket alone has a poor clinical effect and a high recurrence rate after drug withdrawal.

Development of clinical laboratory vehicle for field rescue / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To develop a clinical laboratory vehicle with advantages in mobility,deployment,automation and informatization to meet the requirements of disaster relief.Methods Ford transit V348 ambulance was used as the base,which was equipped with routine blood analyzer,routine urine analyzer,biochemical analyzer and etc.The same instruments,agents and procedures were adopted as those in the clinical laboratory department of rear hospital,and LIS,air cleaning system and necessary auxiliary units were also involved in the modification.Results The clinical laboratory vehicle increased the working efficiency while decreased the errors.Conclusion The vehicle fulfills mobile medical support for military operations other than war such as disaster relief,and thus is worthy promoting practically.

Clustering of inflammatory biomarkers and risk of hypertension in a Mongolian population in China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>There is little knowledge on whether there is clustering of inflammatory biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), soluble intracellular adhesion molecule1-1 (sICAM-1), and angiotensin II (Ang II), in individuals with hypertension in the Mongolian population. In the present study, we investigated this relationship in a Mongolian population in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 2589 adult Mongolians, aged 20 years and older, were recruited as study participants. Data on demographics, lifestyle, family history of hypertension, blood pressure, and blood chemistry were collected, and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in all participants.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The proportion of subjects with increased levels of two or three biomarkers was significantly higher in those with hypertension (21.0% and 6.0%, respectively) than in those with prehypertension (12.7% and 0.5%, respectively) or normotension (8.1% and 0.2%, respectively). The multivariate adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of hypertension associated with increased levels of one, two or three biomarkers were 0.94 (0.72-1.22), 1.42 (0.93-2.16), and 11.08 (1.45-84.80), respectively, compared with subjects with no increase in any biomarker.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Hypertension was associated with a cluster of inflammatory biomarkers in the Mongolian population.</p>

Effect of nerve growth factor on adhesion and motional abilities of tumor cells and their correlation / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect on adhesion and motion capbilities of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), by detecting the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF), E-cadherin (E-cad) and S100A4 and the clinical significance in ACC tissues and analyzing the relationships between them with perineural invasion (PNI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of NGF, E-cad and S100A4 in ACC was detected with the way of immunohistochemistry SP, and then analyzing the expression level of them in different pathological types and histological regions in statistical ways on the basis of their relation with clinical and pathological parameters.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of NGF and S100A4 in PNI group [88% (23/26) and 77% (20/26)], was higher than that in NPNI group (8/16 and 7/16, P < 0.05), and a positive correlation between them was identified in PNI group (r = 0.316, P < 0.05). However the E-cad expression was lower in PNI group [31% (8/26), P < 0.05]. On the other hand it suggested a negative correlation with NGF (r = 0.385, P < 0.05) as well as that with S100A4 (r = -0.612, P = 0.000). The expression level of NGF in fasciculus [83% (25/30)] has significant deviation compared with it in distant tumor tissues [47% (14/30), P < 0.05].</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In the PNI process of ACC, NGF plays important parts but not the only factor. It can increase the expression and activity of S100A4 but decrease E-cad expression through binding with its receptor. Thus, adhesion abilities of tumor cells was weakened and motional abilities was strengthen.</p>

Inhibitory effects of an antisense PCDGF vector on proliferation and invasion of highly malignant ovarian cancer cells and the related mechanism / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the inhibitory effects of an antisense PC cell derived growth factor (PCDGF) vector on proliferation and invasion of highly malignant ovarian cancer cell lines Sw626 and A2780 cells, and preliminarily explore the related mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTT assay and Boyden chamber in vitro invasion assay were employed to detect the changes of proliferation and invasion ability in the Sw626 and A2780 cells transfected with anti-sense PCDGF. The expression levels of cyclin D1 and CDK4 proteins before and after transfection were detected by Western blotting. The effects on the expression and activity of MMP-2 were evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR and zymography, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Comparing with the blank group, the proliferation inhibition rate of the Sw626 and A2780 cells transfected with anti-sense PCDGF was 72.9% and 70.9%, respectively, and the invasion ability was inhibited by 62.9% and 59.0%, respectively. The levels of cyclin D1 and CDK4 protein expression in antisense PCDGF transfected cells were 0.38 +/- 0.08 and 0.37 +/- 0.13, respectively, all significantly lower than 0.84 +/- 0.11 and 0.64 +/- 0.11, respectively, in the blank group (P < 0.01). The MMP-2 mRNA expression level in antisense PCDGF transfected cell group was 0.66 +/- 0.11, not significantly decreased in comparison with 0.89 +/- 0.09 in the blank group (P > 0.05), but the activity of MMP-2 was inhibited significantly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The antisense PCDGF vector may inhibit markedly the proliferation and invasion of highly malignant ovarian cancer cells, and partially reverses their malignant phenotype. It seems to be related with down-regulating the expression of cyclin D1 and CDK4 and inhibiting the activity of MMP-2. Our findings indicate that PCDGF may become a new target for antisense gene therapy of ovarian cancer.</p>

Mutation analysis of the keratin 9 gene in a pedigree with diffuse epidermolytic plamoplantar keratoderma / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the mutation of the keratin 9 gene (KRT9) in a pedigree with epidermolytic plamoplantar keratoderma (EPPK).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Blood samples were obtained from 4 affected and 3 normal individuals in this family. Mutation screening was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct DNA sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A heterozygous nucleotide C to T transition at position 484 in exon 1 of the KRT9 gene was detected in the 3 affected in this family, but was not found in normal individuals in the family and 100 unrelated individuals.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A missense mutation (484 C to T) in the KRT9 gene has been detected in this EPPK family, which is probably one of the molecular bases of the pathogenesis of the disease.</p>

Analysis on the mutation of ADAR gene in a pedigree with dyschromatosis symmetrical hereditaria / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyse the mutation of ADAR gene in a pedigree with dyschromatosis symmetrical hereditaria (DSH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A pedigree of DSH was investigated. Mutation scanning was carried out by PCR and direct sequencing. ADAR gene of 50 normal people was also sequenced as control. Through CBMdisc and PubMed, the mutations of ADAR gene were summarized.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A novel mutation of c.2447G > A was found in all patients with DSH, but was not found in normal individuals in this DSH family and 50 unrelated controls. There were 64 mutations in ADAR gene.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A deletion mutation (c.2447G > A) in the ADAR gene has been detected in this DSH family, which is probably one of the molecular bases of the pathogenesis of the disease. Author have summarized a total of 64 mutations in the ADAR gene by previous reports and speculate that the mutation hotspots of ADAR gene might be located in the tRNA-specific and double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase (ADEAMc) domain.</p>

Contrast sensitivity and higher-order aberrations in patients with astigmatism / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Astigmatism is one of the most significant obstacles for achieving satisfactory visual function. This study was to evaluate the influence of astigmatism on contrast sensitivity (CS) and higher-order aberrations.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CS, accommodation response and wavefront aberration were measured in 113 patients with astigmatism, aged 18 - 36 years. Both single and binocular visual performance were examined under four lighting conditions: photopia, photopia with glare, scotopia and scotopia with glare respectively. Accommodation response was classified as normal, abnormal and low. The contribution of the power and axis of astigmatism to CS, accommodation response and wavefront aberration was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As the dioptric power of astigmatism increased, the loss of CS spatial frequency changed from high to intermediate, and then to low frequency. CS scores varied at different illuminance levels, descending in the following sequence: photopia, photopia with glare, scotopia, and scotopia with glare. However, the normal accommodation group showed better CS values under photopia with glare than without glare. The range of influenced direction of sine-wave gratings remained mostly at the meridian line of high dioptric power, which would be expanded when optical accommadation attenuated. The patients with symmetrical astigmatism got higher CS scores with binoculus vision than with dominant eye vision, while the patients with asymmetrical astigmatism did this only at scotopia with glare. Among higher-order aberrations, coma aberration, secondary coma aberration and the total higher order aberration were influenced by astigmatism, all of which rising with the power of astigmatism increased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Reducing astigmatism might improve the performance of visual function. Not only the power of astigmatism should be cut down, but also the binocular axes should be made symmetrically.</p>